I. INTRODUCTION :
Literature chuan mihring nun nena inlaichinna nei, lungngaih thu emaw lawmna thu emaw, mihring chanchin leh thil dang chanchin, \awngkam mawi tak leh uluk taka ziah chhuah hi a huam a. Kan ziah chhuah dan erawh chu hla hmangin emaw, thu hmangin emaw a ni thung \hin.
Mihring ten ziak leh chhiar kan thiam \antirh a ta literature hian hnuhma a nei nghal a, chung zingah chuan hla te, lemchan te, thawnthu te leh thutluang te pawh a tel vek a. Chutiang term hrang hrang chu kan ziah chhuah dan kalhmang (format) mai a ni thung. Hei vang hian thu leh hla lo chhuak apiang te chu a ziah chhuah dan a zirin hlawm hrang hranga \hen a lo ni ta a ni.
II. DRAMA LEH NOVEL :
Oxford dictionary in a hrilhfiah dan chuan :
Drama “Thu tluang pangngaia ziah, thawnthu emaw chanchin emaw sawina hmanrua, lemchangtute inbiakna kaltlanga kan hriat theih hi a ni”
Novel “ Thu tluang pangngai hmanga thawnthu ziah, a sei chin bituk awm lo hi a ni”
Mizo \awng chuan Novel hi ‘Thawnthu phuahthar’ tih a ni a, Drama thung chu ‘Lemchan’ tih a ni a. Novel ai chuan Drama hi chhuak hmasa zawka hriat a ni a, Mizo pawhin Novel ai chuan Drama hi ziakin kan nei hmasa a ni. Novel leh Drama chuan mi chanchin emaw, thilnung chanchin emaw, mihring nun nena inlaichinna nei, ngaihnawm ti taka kan chhiar theih turin thuziak hmangin min chhawpchhuah sak \hin a. An pahnih hian thawnthu ziahna/ ziahdan an ni ve ve a ni.
Thu leh hla hrang hrang, a ziah chhuah dan a zira \hen hran a lo nih takah chuan Novel leh Drama pawh hi tum thu hmun leh sawi thu hmun rengah pawh \hen hran theih a lo ni ta a. Awlsam taka kan sawi dawn chuan Novel chu thu tluang pangngai hmanga ziah chhuah hi a ni a, Drama thung chu inbiakna \awngkam hmanga ziah chhuah a ni thung a ni.
Heng thil pahnih, Novel leh Drama te hian in anna lai tam tak erawh an nei a, Thawnthu ruangam (plot) te, Changtu (characters) te, inbiakna (dialogue) leh a dangte pawh an nei ve ve a. Nimahsela thawnthu chuan sawitu (narrator) a neih laiin Drama erawh chuan a nei ve lova, a changtu ten an inbiakna hmangin thawnthu chu sawichhuah mai a ni \hin a ni.
Novel chuan a changtute mai ni lovin an chheh vela thil awmdan hrang hrang tarlanna remchang a nei vek a, boruak awmdan te, khawtlang nunphung te pawh lantir a remchang \hin a. Drama ah erawh chuan a changtute inbiakna a\ang lo chuan engmah hriat tur a awm lova, chan chhuah tur liau liau a ziah chhuah a nihna a lang thei \hin a ni.
Greek mifing leh mi hmasa Aristotle chuan “Drama leh Novel danglamna ber chu, Novel chuan thawnthu sawitu pakhat emaw a aia tam eamw a neih laiin Drama chuan a nei ve lo (The difference between Drama and Prose is that drama has no narrator while epic has more than one narrator)” a ti a ni.
III. DRAMA THLIRZAUNA :
Khawthlang ho lak a\anga kan chhawm Drama hi mizo \awng chuan ‘Lemchan’ ti in kan dah a, a nihna tak phawkchhuak kim lo mahse kan rilru ah erawh a fiah tho mai! Tawi fel taka kan sawifiah dawn chuan lemchan chu thu tluangtlam pangngai hmang emaw, hla thu hmang emaw pawha ziah chhuah theih, ruang^m neia din leh a changtu te pawh awm vek hi a ni a. Chan chhuah tura ziah a nih avangin a chantual pawh drama hian a kengtel nghal a ngaih a ni bawk.
Drama hian mihring nun phung tam tak entawn in, mi hmuh theih turin a chang chhuak a ni ber a. Chu thawnthu chu a tak emaw phuahchawp emaw pawh a ni thei thung. Mihring nun nen erawh inlai chinna leh in anna tam tak a nei thung a, chu chuan mi a hipin, ennawm awmze nei takah a chhuah phah \hin a ni.
III.A. Drama Lo Chhuahna :
Drama hi hmanlai tak meuh a chhuak a nih avangin a lo chhuah hun tak hriat a har a, kum BC 3000/2000 vel lai pawhin Egyptian ho chuan an lo ching tawha ngaih a ni a. Amaherawh chu Greek ho hian an larpui in an chawivul ber thunga ngaih a ni.
Drama chhuak hmasa ho hi sakhuana in a hrinchhuah nia ngaih a ni a, Lemchan dan an buatsaih ah pawh a hmasa berah thiltih (deeds), thawnthu leh lemchan (play) a ni \hin a. Hunpui nikhua ah te an leklam hle \hin a ni. A tir lama Greek hoten Drama an tihchhuah chhan chu malsawmna an dawn theih nana ti an nia hriat a ni a, Chung hunlai chuan an pathian ber chu Dionysus a ni. An pathian chuan buh leh bala mal a sawm theih nan kawng hrang hrangin pathian fakna an tilang \hin a, kawng te zawhin hla te an chham a, an zai a. Chutiang hunah chuan an hruaitu leh a zaiho chuan inbiakna hmangin lem an chang leh ta a, chuta \anga lemchan hi lo chhuak ni in an ngai a ni.
Hetianga a changtu pakhat leh a zaipawl (chorus) inbiakna ang chi lemchan hi Aeschylus hunlai (525-456 BC) thleng khan hman \hin a ni a. Aeschylus pianhma, 534 BC ah pawh Greek khawpui Athen ah lemchan intihsiak an lo buatsaih daih tawh bawk a, chutah chuan Thespis lemchanin lawmman a dawng nghe nghe a ni.
Aeschylus hian lemchan hmun bik (theatre) te a rawn buatsaih chho va, chubakah a changtute inchei dan tur te a ruahman bawk a. Chutiang ruahmanna chuan lemchan a tih hmasawn phah hle nghe nghe a ni. Aeschylus hian an hnam chanchina thil thleng pawh behchhan lem lovin lemchan a ziak mai \hin a, a hunlai mipuite khan an hlutin an tuipui thei hle mai si a, chuti taka mipuiin lemchan an tuipui \hin chu Pluto khan a rawn sawisel nghe nghe a ni.
Aeschylus hi Greek Tragedy lemchan tichhuaktu a ngaih a ni a, lemchan 70 lai a ziak a, chung zinga 7 chauh chu vawn zui ni in Agamemnon, Choephori leh eumenide te hi a lar zual te an ni. Hetih lai hian lemchan chawi lartu leh tivultu tak chu Sophocles (496-405BC) a ni a. A lemchan kalhmang pawh Aeschylus ai chuan mihring nun nen inlaichinna a nei zawk bawk a ni. Sophocles lemchan thawnthu pasarih vawiin thlenga la vawn \hat zingah Theban plays, Oedipus the King leh a fanu Antigone chu a l^r ber an ni. Hetih lai hian vawiin thlenga Lemchan larpuitu leh tihlutu ber, khawvel ram hrang hranga kan hriat tlanglawn ber erawh English mi William Shakespeare (1564-1616) a ni thung.
III.B. Drama Pianhmang :
Mi hmasa leh mithiam Aristotle chuan Drama pianhmang ah hian tih loh theih loh leh awm lo thei lo thil paruk a awm ni in a sawi a, chungte chu :
1. Plot : A thawnthu ruangam
2. Character : A changtu (mihring emaw, ramhuai leh thlarau emaw)
3. Dalogue : Inbiakna (ngaihtuah leh suangtuahna tihlanna)
4. Conflict : Harsatna leh buaina
5. Spectacles : Hmuh theih tura chan chhuah
6. Song : Hla (chorus te lo chham)
III.C. Drama Chi Hrang Hrang Te :
Drama ah hian chi hrang hrang a awm a, chungte chu an thuken leh tum a zira thliar hran an ni thung. A tlangpui in hlawm lian pui pui pathum ah an then phawk phawk a, chungte chu :
1. Tragedy : Lungngaihna leh hrehawmna a tawp \hin.
2. Comedy : A hlimawm leh lawmna lama tawp \hin.
3. Tragi-Comedy : Harsatna tam tak hnu a lawmawm lampang a tawp \hin.
IV. NOVEL THLIRZAUNA :
Tunlai khawvela lehkhabu chhuak tam ber chu thawnthu phuahthar-Novel hi a ni awm e. Chutih laiin Novel hian mak danglamna tak a nei thung a, chu chu a \hatna lam aia a ngaihnawm lam a chhiartu in kan ngai pawimawh \hin hi a ni. Hnam fing zawkte chuan Novel hlutna hi an hre khawp mai a, thawnthu chhuak thar zwng zawng zinga za zela sawm (10%) chauh hi novel \ha ah an chhiar nghe nghe a ni.
Novel leh fiction hi sawipawlh mai mai a ni \hin a, nimahsela thil hrang nisi a ni. Zau taka kan thlir chuan Fiction chuan thawnthu phuahchawp, ziakin emaw \awngkam in emaw ngaihnawm taka a sawina hi a ni a. Lemchan thawnthu te, hla te leh novel kan tih te pawh a huam thei vek awm e. Nimahsela zim zawka kan sawi erawh chuan novel leh short story chauh hi fiction hian a huamtir theih bawk a ni.
IV.A. Novel Lo Chhuahna :
Novel (thawnthu phuahthar) hi a lo chuah hun tak hriat chian a ni lova, a lo chhuah \anna nia an sawi chu Homer-an Epic kalhmanga Illiad a ziah a\ang khan nia ngaih a ni. Nimahsela Homer-a Illiad hi tunlaia novel an tih nen chuan a danglam deuh va, hla thu hmanga ziah a nih bakah a thawnthu hrimhrim pawh phuahthar a ni lo.
Tunlai a novel lo chhuahna nia an sawi fo leh critics tam takin an pawm tlan ber chu kum 1740-a Samuel Richardson-an ‘Pamela or virtue Rewarded’ tih a ziak kha a ni a. Hemi hma hian England ah thawnthu phuahthar a chhuak nual thung a. Entir nan, kum 1580 ah Sir Phillip Sydney ziah Arcadia, kum 1678 ah John Bunyan ziah The Pilgrim’s Progress, leh kum 1719 ah Daniel Defoe ziah Robinson Crusoe te an ni.
IV.B. Novel Nihphung (Technique) :
Critics leh zirchiangtu tam ber te chuan Novel \ha leh puitling ziak tur chuan thli chi hrang hrang, hmaih theih miah loh a awm ni in an sawi a, chungte chu :
1. Plot : Thawnthu ruhrel (thawnthua thil thleng zawng zawng fun khawmtu)
2. Character : Thawnthu a changtute (mihring nungchang diktak pu mi)
3. Dialogue : Inbiakna \awngkam (rilru leh ngaihtuahna tarlangtu)
4. Narrator : Chanchin sawitu (thawnthu chanchin sawina/a ziaktu)
5. Milieu : Thawnthu hmunhma leh chheh vel.
IV.C. Novel Chi Hrangte :
Novel hi a ziakdan kalhmang a in ang vek lova, an tum leh pianhmang a\angin chi hrang hrangah \hen a ni a. Chungte chu :
1. Picaresque novel
2. Panoramic novel
3. Historical novel
4. Regional novel
5. Novel of social reform
6. Psychological novel, leh
7. Stream of consciousness te an ni.
V. MAIN DIFFERENCE :
Drama nihphung, pianhmang leh chi hrang bakah Novel nihphung, pianhmang leh chi hrang kan tarlang tawh a. Heng a\ang te hian novel leh drama hi FICTION huang chhung a mi ve ve, tum thuhmun, in ang tak leh danglam si a ni tih a hriat theih. Chung an danglamna te chu :
1. Ziah Dan Kalhmang Danglam (Format) :
Sawi tawh angin Drama leh Novel hian in anna an nei tam hle a, an danglamna ai pawhin an in anna hi hmuh tur a tam zawk a ni. Thawnthu ruangam \ha tak an neih ve ve bakah, a changtu te leh inbiakna \awngkam pawh heng thil pahnih hian an neih ngei ngei a ngai ve ve a. Chutih laiin Drama chu inbiakna \awngkam hmanga ziah chhuah (dialogue system) a ni a, Novel thung chu sawitu leh puangtu hmanga ziah (narrative system) a ni thung a. Chutiang an thawnthu ziahchhuah dan (format) chu an danglamna lian ber a ni.
2. Ziah Dan Danzam (Principle) :
Drama chu chan tura ziah a nih avangin ziahdan bik kawng hmang fel tak, hmas^ng a\ngin a nei tawh a, chu chu zawm ngei ngei a ngai a, duh anga pawhfan leh tihdanglam thiang lo ang a ni. Chutih laiin novel thung chu thawnthu phuahthar, thu tluang pangngaia ziak, duh anga pawh fan theih a ni thung a. Duh ang hawi zawng leh duh chen chena thui ziah theih a ni.
3. Tam Leh Thui Zawng (Length) :
Drama chu ziahdan bik nei a nih angin Chan leh Lan ah \hen sawm a ni \hin a. A bikin Tragedy angah te chuan mahni duhzat Chan-a ziah ngawt theih a ni \hin lo. Kal hmang leh thui zawng pawh fel tak a nei sa \hin. Novel thung chu duh chen chen pawhfan theih a nih angin a thui zawngah pawh bithliah engmah a awm lova, fel taka chhiar a nih theih nan Bung hmanga \hen sawm erawh a ni ve \hin.
4. A Thawnthu Chhehvel Tarlan (Setting) :
Drama chu inbiakna hmanga ziah a nih \hin avangin a changtute bul leh chheh vel ah engmah hmuh leh hriat tur a awm \hin lova, khawtlang nunphung leh vantlang mimir nun hrim hrim pawh inbiakna hmanga an sawi a nih ngawt loh chuan tarlan a remchang lo \hin. Chutih laiin novel thung chuan khawtlang nunphung leh an chheh vel boruak awmdan zawng zawng a sawi thei vek thung a. Khawlum leh vawh chungchang emaw, ruah sur leh ni sat chungchang emaw pawh awlsam leh remchang taka tarlan theih vek an ni.
5. Thawnthu Hriatna (Audience Part) :
Drama ah chuan changtute \awngklam hmangin kan hrait duh hriat a ni chauh \hin a, changtute chu eng ang mizia pu nge an nih tih leh eng ang mi leh sa nge an nih tih pawh anmahni \awngka a\ang ngei lo chuan hriat theih a ni lo \hin. Chutih laiin novel ah thung chuan engkim hraitfiah theih nghal turin tarlan a ni \hin a. Changtute pawh an hmel\hat leh chhiat thlengin a hrait theih \hin a ni.
VI. CONCLUSION :
Heng thil hrang hrang kan tarlan a\ang te hian Drama leh Novel danglamna hrang hang hmuh theih leh hriat theih a ni a. Drama leh Novel chu fiction huang chhung a mi an nihna bakah an lo chhuahna leh an nihna te pawh hmuh theih a ni bawk a. Tin, an in anna pawh tam tak hmuh theih a ni bawk a ni.
VII. THU LAKNA
1. Thangvunga,R (ed)., Theory of Literature, Gilzom Offset print (2013)
2. Khiangte, L.T.L (ed)., Thuhlaril, College text Book Editorial Board Pub. (2005)
3. Vannghaka, K.C., Literature Kawngpui, Vanhlupuii, Aizawl (2010)
4. www.enotes.com/novel-and-drama (google)
Literature chuan mihring nun nena inlaichinna nei, lungngaih thu emaw lawmna thu emaw, mihring chanchin leh thil dang chanchin, \awngkam mawi tak leh uluk taka ziah chhuah hi a huam a. Kan ziah chhuah dan erawh chu hla hmangin emaw, thu hmangin emaw a ni thung \hin.
Mihring ten ziak leh chhiar kan thiam \antirh a ta literature hian hnuhma a nei nghal a, chung zingah chuan hla te, lemchan te, thawnthu te leh thutluang te pawh a tel vek a. Chutiang term hrang hrang chu kan ziah chhuah dan kalhmang (format) mai a ni thung. Hei vang hian thu leh hla lo chhuak apiang te chu a ziah chhuah dan a zirin hlawm hrang hranga \hen a lo ni ta a ni.
II. DRAMA LEH NOVEL :
Oxford dictionary in a hrilhfiah dan chuan :
Drama “Thu tluang pangngaia ziah, thawnthu emaw chanchin emaw sawina hmanrua, lemchangtute inbiakna kaltlanga kan hriat theih hi a ni”
Novel “ Thu tluang pangngai hmanga thawnthu ziah, a sei chin bituk awm lo hi a ni”
Mizo \awng chuan Novel hi ‘Thawnthu phuahthar’ tih a ni a, Drama thung chu ‘Lemchan’ tih a ni a. Novel ai chuan Drama hi chhuak hmasa zawka hriat a ni a, Mizo pawhin Novel ai chuan Drama hi ziakin kan nei hmasa a ni. Novel leh Drama chuan mi chanchin emaw, thilnung chanchin emaw, mihring nun nena inlaichinna nei, ngaihnawm ti taka kan chhiar theih turin thuziak hmangin min chhawpchhuah sak \hin a. An pahnih hian thawnthu ziahna/ ziahdan an ni ve ve a ni.
Thu leh hla hrang hrang, a ziah chhuah dan a zira \hen hran a lo nih takah chuan Novel leh Drama pawh hi tum thu hmun leh sawi thu hmun rengah pawh \hen hran theih a lo ni ta a. Awlsam taka kan sawi dawn chuan Novel chu thu tluang pangngai hmanga ziah chhuah hi a ni a, Drama thung chu inbiakna \awngkam hmanga ziah chhuah a ni thung a ni.
Heng thil pahnih, Novel leh Drama te hian in anna lai tam tak erawh an nei a, Thawnthu ruangam (plot) te, Changtu (characters) te, inbiakna (dialogue) leh a dangte pawh an nei ve ve a. Nimahsela thawnthu chuan sawitu (narrator) a neih laiin Drama erawh chuan a nei ve lova, a changtu ten an inbiakna hmangin thawnthu chu sawichhuah mai a ni \hin a ni.
Novel chuan a changtute mai ni lovin an chheh vela thil awmdan hrang hrang tarlanna remchang a nei vek a, boruak awmdan te, khawtlang nunphung te pawh lantir a remchang \hin a. Drama ah erawh chuan a changtute inbiakna a\ang lo chuan engmah hriat tur a awm lova, chan chhuah tur liau liau a ziah chhuah a nihna a lang thei \hin a ni.
Greek mifing leh mi hmasa Aristotle chuan “Drama leh Novel danglamna ber chu, Novel chuan thawnthu sawitu pakhat emaw a aia tam eamw a neih laiin Drama chuan a nei ve lo (The difference between Drama and Prose is that drama has no narrator while epic has more than one narrator)” a ti a ni.
III. DRAMA THLIRZAUNA :
Khawthlang ho lak a\anga kan chhawm Drama hi mizo \awng chuan ‘Lemchan’ ti in kan dah a, a nihna tak phawkchhuak kim lo mahse kan rilru ah erawh a fiah tho mai! Tawi fel taka kan sawifiah dawn chuan lemchan chu thu tluangtlam pangngai hmang emaw, hla thu hmang emaw pawha ziah chhuah theih, ruang^m neia din leh a changtu te pawh awm vek hi a ni a. Chan chhuah tura ziah a nih avangin a chantual pawh drama hian a kengtel nghal a ngaih a ni bawk.
Drama hian mihring nun phung tam tak entawn in, mi hmuh theih turin a chang chhuak a ni ber a. Chu thawnthu chu a tak emaw phuahchawp emaw pawh a ni thei thung. Mihring nun nen erawh inlai chinna leh in anna tam tak a nei thung a, chu chuan mi a hipin, ennawm awmze nei takah a chhuah phah \hin a ni.
III.A. Drama Lo Chhuahna :
Drama hi hmanlai tak meuh a chhuak a nih avangin a lo chhuah hun tak hriat a har a, kum BC 3000/2000 vel lai pawhin Egyptian ho chuan an lo ching tawha ngaih a ni a. Amaherawh chu Greek ho hian an larpui in an chawivul ber thunga ngaih a ni.
Drama chhuak hmasa ho hi sakhuana in a hrinchhuah nia ngaih a ni a, Lemchan dan an buatsaih ah pawh a hmasa berah thiltih (deeds), thawnthu leh lemchan (play) a ni \hin a. Hunpui nikhua ah te an leklam hle \hin a ni. A tir lama Greek hoten Drama an tihchhuah chhan chu malsawmna an dawn theih nana ti an nia hriat a ni a, Chung hunlai chuan an pathian ber chu Dionysus a ni. An pathian chuan buh leh bala mal a sawm theih nan kawng hrang hrangin pathian fakna an tilang \hin a, kawng te zawhin hla te an chham a, an zai a. Chutiang hunah chuan an hruaitu leh a zaiho chuan inbiakna hmangin lem an chang leh ta a, chuta \anga lemchan hi lo chhuak ni in an ngai a ni.
Hetianga a changtu pakhat leh a zaipawl (chorus) inbiakna ang chi lemchan hi Aeschylus hunlai (525-456 BC) thleng khan hman \hin a ni a. Aeschylus pianhma, 534 BC ah pawh Greek khawpui Athen ah lemchan intihsiak an lo buatsaih daih tawh bawk a, chutah chuan Thespis lemchanin lawmman a dawng nghe nghe a ni.
Aeschylus hian lemchan hmun bik (theatre) te a rawn buatsaih chho va, chubakah a changtute inchei dan tur te a ruahman bawk a. Chutiang ruahmanna chuan lemchan a tih hmasawn phah hle nghe nghe a ni. Aeschylus hian an hnam chanchina thil thleng pawh behchhan lem lovin lemchan a ziak mai \hin a, a hunlai mipuite khan an hlutin an tuipui thei hle mai si a, chuti taka mipuiin lemchan an tuipui \hin chu Pluto khan a rawn sawisel nghe nghe a ni.
Aeschylus hi Greek Tragedy lemchan tichhuaktu a ngaih a ni a, lemchan 70 lai a ziak a, chung zinga 7 chauh chu vawn zui ni in Agamemnon, Choephori leh eumenide te hi a lar zual te an ni. Hetih lai hian lemchan chawi lartu leh tivultu tak chu Sophocles (496-405BC) a ni a. A lemchan kalhmang pawh Aeschylus ai chuan mihring nun nen inlaichinna a nei zawk bawk a ni. Sophocles lemchan thawnthu pasarih vawiin thlenga la vawn \hat zingah Theban plays, Oedipus the King leh a fanu Antigone chu a l^r ber an ni. Hetih lai hian vawiin thlenga Lemchan larpuitu leh tihlutu ber, khawvel ram hrang hranga kan hriat tlanglawn ber erawh English mi William Shakespeare (1564-1616) a ni thung.
III.B. Drama Pianhmang :
Mi hmasa leh mithiam Aristotle chuan Drama pianhmang ah hian tih loh theih loh leh awm lo thei lo thil paruk a awm ni in a sawi a, chungte chu :
1. Plot : A thawnthu ruangam
2. Character : A changtu (mihring emaw, ramhuai leh thlarau emaw)
3. Dalogue : Inbiakna (ngaihtuah leh suangtuahna tihlanna)
4. Conflict : Harsatna leh buaina
5. Spectacles : Hmuh theih tura chan chhuah
6. Song : Hla (chorus te lo chham)
III.C. Drama Chi Hrang Hrang Te :
Drama ah hian chi hrang hrang a awm a, chungte chu an thuken leh tum a zira thliar hran an ni thung. A tlangpui in hlawm lian pui pui pathum ah an then phawk phawk a, chungte chu :
1. Tragedy : Lungngaihna leh hrehawmna a tawp \hin.
2. Comedy : A hlimawm leh lawmna lama tawp \hin.
3. Tragi-Comedy : Harsatna tam tak hnu a lawmawm lampang a tawp \hin.
IV. NOVEL THLIRZAUNA :
Tunlai khawvela lehkhabu chhuak tam ber chu thawnthu phuahthar-Novel hi a ni awm e. Chutih laiin Novel hian mak danglamna tak a nei thung a, chu chu a \hatna lam aia a ngaihnawm lam a chhiartu in kan ngai pawimawh \hin hi a ni. Hnam fing zawkte chuan Novel hlutna hi an hre khawp mai a, thawnthu chhuak thar zwng zawng zinga za zela sawm (10%) chauh hi novel \ha ah an chhiar nghe nghe a ni.
Novel leh fiction hi sawipawlh mai mai a ni \hin a, nimahsela thil hrang nisi a ni. Zau taka kan thlir chuan Fiction chuan thawnthu phuahchawp, ziakin emaw \awngkam in emaw ngaihnawm taka a sawina hi a ni a. Lemchan thawnthu te, hla te leh novel kan tih te pawh a huam thei vek awm e. Nimahsela zim zawka kan sawi erawh chuan novel leh short story chauh hi fiction hian a huamtir theih bawk a ni.
IV.A. Novel Lo Chhuahna :
Novel (thawnthu phuahthar) hi a lo chuah hun tak hriat chian a ni lova, a lo chhuah \anna nia an sawi chu Homer-an Epic kalhmanga Illiad a ziah a\ang khan nia ngaih a ni. Nimahsela Homer-a Illiad hi tunlaia novel an tih nen chuan a danglam deuh va, hla thu hmanga ziah a nih bakah a thawnthu hrimhrim pawh phuahthar a ni lo.
Tunlai a novel lo chhuahna nia an sawi fo leh critics tam takin an pawm tlan ber chu kum 1740-a Samuel Richardson-an ‘Pamela or virtue Rewarded’ tih a ziak kha a ni a. Hemi hma hian England ah thawnthu phuahthar a chhuak nual thung a. Entir nan, kum 1580 ah Sir Phillip Sydney ziah Arcadia, kum 1678 ah John Bunyan ziah The Pilgrim’s Progress, leh kum 1719 ah Daniel Defoe ziah Robinson Crusoe te an ni.
IV.B. Novel Nihphung (Technique) :
Critics leh zirchiangtu tam ber te chuan Novel \ha leh puitling ziak tur chuan thli chi hrang hrang, hmaih theih miah loh a awm ni in an sawi a, chungte chu :
1. Plot : Thawnthu ruhrel (thawnthua thil thleng zawng zawng fun khawmtu)
2. Character : Thawnthu a changtute (mihring nungchang diktak pu mi)
3. Dialogue : Inbiakna \awngkam (rilru leh ngaihtuahna tarlangtu)
4. Narrator : Chanchin sawitu (thawnthu chanchin sawina/a ziaktu)
5. Milieu : Thawnthu hmunhma leh chheh vel.
IV.C. Novel Chi Hrangte :
Novel hi a ziakdan kalhmang a in ang vek lova, an tum leh pianhmang a\angin chi hrang hrangah \hen a ni a. Chungte chu :
1. Picaresque novel
2. Panoramic novel
3. Historical novel
4. Regional novel
5. Novel of social reform
6. Psychological novel, leh
7. Stream of consciousness te an ni.
V. MAIN DIFFERENCE :
Drama nihphung, pianhmang leh chi hrang bakah Novel nihphung, pianhmang leh chi hrang kan tarlang tawh a. Heng a\ang te hian novel leh drama hi FICTION huang chhung a mi ve ve, tum thuhmun, in ang tak leh danglam si a ni tih a hriat theih. Chung an danglamna te chu :
1. Ziah Dan Kalhmang Danglam (Format) :
Sawi tawh angin Drama leh Novel hian in anna an nei tam hle a, an danglamna ai pawhin an in anna hi hmuh tur a tam zawk a ni. Thawnthu ruangam \ha tak an neih ve ve bakah, a changtu te leh inbiakna \awngkam pawh heng thil pahnih hian an neih ngei ngei a ngai ve ve a. Chutih laiin Drama chu inbiakna \awngkam hmanga ziah chhuah (dialogue system) a ni a, Novel thung chu sawitu leh puangtu hmanga ziah (narrative system) a ni thung a. Chutiang an thawnthu ziahchhuah dan (format) chu an danglamna lian ber a ni.
2. Ziah Dan Danzam (Principle) :
Drama chu chan tura ziah a nih avangin ziahdan bik kawng hmang fel tak, hmas^ng a\ngin a nei tawh a, chu chu zawm ngei ngei a ngai a, duh anga pawhfan leh tihdanglam thiang lo ang a ni. Chutih laiin novel thung chu thawnthu phuahthar, thu tluang pangngaia ziak, duh anga pawh fan theih a ni thung a. Duh ang hawi zawng leh duh chen chena thui ziah theih a ni.
3. Tam Leh Thui Zawng (Length) :
Drama chu ziahdan bik nei a nih angin Chan leh Lan ah \hen sawm a ni \hin a. A bikin Tragedy angah te chuan mahni duhzat Chan-a ziah ngawt theih a ni \hin lo. Kal hmang leh thui zawng pawh fel tak a nei sa \hin. Novel thung chu duh chen chen pawhfan theih a nih angin a thui zawngah pawh bithliah engmah a awm lova, fel taka chhiar a nih theih nan Bung hmanga \hen sawm erawh a ni ve \hin.
4. A Thawnthu Chhehvel Tarlan (Setting) :
Drama chu inbiakna hmanga ziah a nih \hin avangin a changtute bul leh chheh vel ah engmah hmuh leh hriat tur a awm \hin lova, khawtlang nunphung leh vantlang mimir nun hrim hrim pawh inbiakna hmanga an sawi a nih ngawt loh chuan tarlan a remchang lo \hin. Chutih laiin novel thung chuan khawtlang nunphung leh an chheh vel boruak awmdan zawng zawng a sawi thei vek thung a. Khawlum leh vawh chungchang emaw, ruah sur leh ni sat chungchang emaw pawh awlsam leh remchang taka tarlan theih vek an ni.
5. Thawnthu Hriatna (Audience Part) :
Drama ah chuan changtute \awngklam hmangin kan hrait duh hriat a ni chauh \hin a, changtute chu eng ang mizia pu nge an nih tih leh eng ang mi leh sa nge an nih tih pawh anmahni \awngka a\ang ngei lo chuan hriat theih a ni lo \hin. Chutih laiin novel ah thung chuan engkim hraitfiah theih nghal turin tarlan a ni \hin a. Changtute pawh an hmel\hat leh chhiat thlengin a hrait theih \hin a ni.
VI. CONCLUSION :
Heng thil hrang hrang kan tarlan a\ang te hian Drama leh Novel danglamna hrang hang hmuh theih leh hriat theih a ni a. Drama leh Novel chu fiction huang chhung a mi an nihna bakah an lo chhuahna leh an nihna te pawh hmuh theih a ni bawk a. Tin, an in anna pawh tam tak hmuh theih a ni bawk a ni.
VII. THU LAKNA
1. Thangvunga,R (ed)., Theory of Literature, Gilzom Offset print (2013)
2. Khiangte, L.T.L (ed)., Thuhlaril, College text Book Editorial Board Pub. (2005)
3. Vannghaka, K.C., Literature Kawngpui, Vanhlupuii, Aizawl (2010)
4. www.enotes.com/novel-and-drama (google)
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