Mizo Folk Literature Zir Pawimawhna

Kan thu leh hla hmalai a\anga \awngka hmanga kan lo inhlan chhawn, kan hnam nun leh zia keng tel te hi tun hun thlengin kan nunah a pawimawh hle. Folk Literature hi folklore huanga awm a ni a. Tunlai huna literature zirna huanga hmun pawimawh tak luahtu leh mi tam tak ngaihven a ni. Folk literature hian a huam zau hle a, pi pute a\anga kan rochun thu leh hla zawng zawng a huam thei a. Richard A Waterman chuan folklore chungchang heti hian a hrilhfiah,

Folklore chu awmze nei taka phuah leh rem a ni a, folklore-in a huam tlangpui chu- thawnthu hrang hrang te, thufing te, hla chi hrang hrang te, inthawina thiam hla leh indawina hla te, sakhua te, puithuna leh serh leh sang thil te, thil dang hnam hrang hrangin an pi leh pute a\anga an inrochun leh an inhlan chhawn zel thilte a ni (qtd. in Literature Lamtluang 367)

Kan pi leh pute khan zirna hmun leh ziak leh chhiar thiam lo mah se zawlbuk leh puipunna hmun \henkhata upa ti ti leh, nu leh pate’n an fate an hrilh thu leh hla tam tak an lo nei \hin a. Chungte chu inhrilh chhawng zelin, an tlatna leh an dinhmun a zirin tlem tlemin her danglam hret hret mah se a thupui leh thawnthu laimu bo si lovin tun hun thleng kan lo hre ta zel a. Hei hi kan hnam chanchin kan hriatna pawimawh tak a ni.

Folklore hian kan literature-ah hun pawimawh tak a luah a, chutih rual chuan kana hlutna hrefiah lo kan awm nual bawk. Kan folk literature te hi kan hnam thu leh hla pawimawh ber anih rualin hnam nun leh zia lanna pawimawh tak a ni a. Kan zir leh hriat hi hnam tinin kan tihmakmawh a ni. Hnam tin hian mahni \obul leh min thlahtute chanchin chhui zui duhna leh hriat chakna kan nei \heuh a, hei hian folk literature ngainatna min pe a. Mizote pawh hian kan folk literature-te hi an la hlut zual deuh deuh dawn niin a lang.

Zirna hmun hrang hrangah kan folk literature hi kawng hrang hranga sengluh a ni mek a, heng kan hnam thawnthu leh thu awmze nei hmanga an lo phuah khawm tam tak zir pawimawhna kawng hrang hrangte lo thlir i la:

i)             Hnam chanchin hlui (history) hriatna a ni

Khawvel hnam hrangte hian rin dan leh pawm dan hrang hrang kan nei a. Mihring leh kan chhehvel thil engkim mai lo awm \an dan chungchangah pawh ngaih dan hrang hrang kan nei. Chutih rualin kan hnam tih dan phung leh nunze milin thu leh hla tam tak kan phuah a, kan inhrilh chhawng zel \hin. Chung thu leh hlaah chuan  an hunlaia an khawsak phung leh an chhehvel thilte chu a inzep tel vek a, a lo chhuahna hmun leh ram a zir pawhin a danglam \hin reng a ni.

Mizo pipute thu leh hla kan inhlanchhawn kal zel a\ang hian kan hnam chanchin hlui kan hre nasa hle. Kan hnam chanchin hlui tam tak kan hriatna chu kan hla hlui leh kan thawnthu, hmanlai a\anga kan inhlan chhawn zelte hi an ni hlawm. An chenna hmun leh an kalkawng te, hla an neih \an hun leh thawnthu an neih \an hun awm angte pawh kan hre thei a ni. Proffesor RL Thanmawia chuan history leh thawnthu inkungkaihna tihian a sawi,

Mahni hawrawp nei lawk lo kan nih avangin ziaka thil chhinchiah hun a tlai a, kan chanchin (history) chu a tawiin, a hnai vai hle. Kan thu leh hla hlui a\ang hian Lentlang leh a chhak lama kan khawsak dan pawh thui tak a chhui dawn theih a, chuvangin kan rochun thawnthute hi history hmlama kan chanchin chhuina \angkai tak a ni (Mizo thawnthu Thlirzauna 157,158)

Mizo hla hlui kan hriat thei  china hlui ber tlar hnih hla kan tih zinga nau awih hlaah chuan

Ruahpui sur bum bumin van rial a ko ve,

Ka nauvi kal nan e Rûn tui lian e

A na kau hek huk e Rûn tui dungah,

Thantlâng leh hmarpa lu.

Hengah te hian ‘rûn tui’ tih kan hmu tawh a, heng a\anga a lan dan chuan ka pi pute khan rûn kam vela an awm lai khan hla an lo nei tawh ngei tih kan hre thei a ni. Tin, Liandovate Unau thawnthuah pawh tlar hnih hla tho kan hmu-

Rûn tui chungah chawnbanah kai,

Ka thai chawngi pan ta lua rawh se

Heng a\ang hian rûn kam vela an khawsak lai hian thawnthu pawh an nei tawh a ni tih kan hre thei bawk ang. |huthmun zaiah a\ang hian pi puten “thingpui t^m” an tawh dan leh mithi an nasat zia chu chiang takin an tar lang a. Hei hi pi puten \am an hriat hmasa ber niin an sawi bawk.

A tlung e, thim khaw zin a tlung e,

Khua tinah thim khaw zin a tlung e

Khua tinah thim khaw zin a tlung e,

|halai leh dawntuai an tliak zo ve

Tin, Mizo thawnthu \henkhatah hnam dang a lo lan ve hun hi Mauruangi thawhthuah te, Tualvungi leh Zawlpala te, Chepahakhata  thawnthuah kan hmu a. Heng a\ang hian hnam dangte nen an lo khawsa ho emaw, hnam dang an lo hmelhriat tawh ngei tih kan hr thei ang.

ii)            Hnam nunphung hriatna hnar a ni.

Thu leh hla hi mihring nun inbunruana pawimawh tak a ni a, chuvangin a neitute nunphung milin a kal \hin. Mihring nun chu darthlalang fiah tak hmaa lang angin kan thu leh hla hian min chhawp chhuah sak \hin a ni.

Chutiang chiah chuan hmanlai kan pi leh pute thawnthu kan neihte hian an khawsak phung leh hawiher te, an duh leh ngainat zawng te min hrilh a. An nun chu fiah takin kan lo hriat theih phah a ni. An khawtlang inawp dan te, an ngaihsan leh ngaihhlut zawng chenin kan hre thei.

Heng kan pi pute nun leh khawsak phung kan hriat a\ang hian kan thu leh hla kal hmang nasa takin min siam sak a. Literature leh mihring nun hi inlaichin tlat anih avangin hetiang mil hian kan thu leh hla chhuah tawh te leh chhuak mek te hi a kal a. Zirtirna kawng leh nundan \ha zawk inkawhhmuhna kawngah pawh kan pi leh pute thawnthu kal pui dan zuiin kan la kal zel niin a lang.

Mauruangi thawnthu a\ang hian kan pi leh pute chu lo neia khawsa a, tuk chhuaka hna thawk \hin an nih zia te kan hmu a. Lal te ropui zia leh hnamchhawm an hmuh dan Lianchhiari leh Chawngfianga thawnthuah te, Laltheri leh Chalthanga thawnthuah te kan hmu bawk a. Chawngmawii leh Hrangchhuana thawnthu te, Lianchia thawnthu a\ang te hian khua leh khua indo a, inrun \hin an nih zia chiang takin kan hmu bawk.

Pasal\ha dinhmun chu khawtlanga dinhmun pawimawh ber anih zia leh mipa tam tak inelna anih zia te, tlawmngaihna chu an nun inzirtir ber anih zia pawh kan pasal\ha ropui tak tak Vanapa te, Taitesena te, Chawngbawla te leh midang chanchin a\angin kan hre thei bawk. Heng mite chanchin hian tunlai kan thu leh hlaah pawh hmun a la luah reng a. An khua leh tui tana inpekna te, an huaisenna leh turuhna te chuan \hangtharte nunah hmun a luah a. Mi huaisen ngaihsanna leh midangte tana nun chan ngam te chu kan ngaihlu a, kan theihtawp chawimawina kan hlan \hin a nih hi. Heng nun hi kan pi pute nun a\anga kan chhawm, kan hnam thawnthu hlui a\anga kan hmuh leh hriat te an ni.

Thih hnu piah lama kan pi pute rindan hi kan thawnthuah kan hmu nasa hle. Chawngmawii leh Hrangchhuana thawnthuah chuan arsiah an chang tih kan hre thei a. Tlingi leh Ngama thawnthuah pawh thih hnu piah lam nun an rin dang chiang takin kan hmu thei bawk. Pi pute te khan khawvel piah lama an suangtuahna vak vel chu thawnthu hmanga tarlangin keini hian an ngaituahna chu kan han hriat theih phah ta a ni.

Dar\hiangi leh Chertuala thawnthuah hian tunlai thleng Mizote  zinga nupa inkara buaina siamtu, fa neih theih loh chungchang kan hmu a. Hei hi |iau kan hmaa thawnthu chhuak niin B.Lalthangliana chuan a sawi a. Hei hi pu pute huna an nun buaina kan hmuh anih rualin tunlai nun thlenga kan buaina chu a la ni reng a ni.

iii)           Nun kawng dik zirna

Nun kawng dik leh \ha inkaihhruaina kawng hi kan pi pute thu leh hlaah hian kan hmu nasa hle. Kan pi pute kha an khawsak phung leh nun mawlmang hle mah se an ngaihtuahna leh daichinah chuan an thu leh hla a sang em em a. An thawnthu tam tak hian finthuril lian tak tak a pai tel a. Chumai ni lovin an inzirtirna thu leh hla fing tak tak te khan an nun a kaihruai a, naupang an nih lai a\angin heng thu leh thawnthu hmang hian an nun khalh dik an tum \hin.

|awng upa leh Mizo thufing kan neih te mai bakah kan thawnthuah te pawh hei hi thi langsar tak pakhat a ni. Nula tlangval leh \hian inkara hmangaihna pawimawh zia te, unau inhmangaih pawimawh zia te, nuhrawn dinhmun te, taimak pawimawhna te hi thil pawimawh langsar zualte an ni.

Hmawlte leh artui inlawm thawnthuah hian taimak chu hlawhtlinna anih zia te, thawk peih lova ei tum ngawt hi thil dik a nih loh zia te chiang takin kan hmu a. Liandova te unau thawnthuah pawh hian taimak pawimawh zia chu kan hmu bawk. Chutih rualin unau inhmangaihna ropui zia te, fahrah te dinhmum mai bakah hlawhtlinna hi mi tin chan theih anih zia chiang takin kan hmu thei bawk.

Mihring zia tarlanna langsar tak Chhura leh Nahaia thawnthu te, Chemtatrawta te, Mauruangi leh Thailungi thawnthuah te hian kan hmu a. Midangte puhmawh tur zawnga mahni tihsual inhre thei lo kan nih zia te, midangte chan hmu lian tlat zel kan nihna te kan hmu bawk. Hei hi nun kawng \ha leh dik zawk hriatna atan a pawimawh hle. Tin Mauruangi leh Thailungi thawnthuah hian nuhrawn sual zia leh chu chuan an fate nun a tihchhiat zia te kan hmu a. Fahrah dinhmun hi mite duh loh ber anih rualin fate hrehawma siam chu thil \ha lo anih zia kan hmu bawk.

Sialrangin sialrang a hring, sakawlin sakawl a hring tih te, Kawng laka chaute chu \anpui zel tur tih te, Mahni infak leh sakhi ngalah engmah a bet lo tih te leh thufing \ha tak tak, ngaihtuahna luah thuk tak tak an nei a. Chung chuan an hunlai mai bakah tunlai hun thlenga hlu leh ropui, kan mamawh tak tak a la ni hlawm a ni.

iv)           Hla \ha tak tak hriatna

Mizo te nunah hian thu leh hla hi a kal kawp tlat a. Kan hla hlui tam tak hian thawnthu ngaihnawm tak tak a neih rualin kan thawnthu tam takah hian hla \ha tak tak kan hmu bawk. Mizo thawnthu tam takah hian \awngka aia hla hmanga inchhanna leh, an lunglen leh an tawrhna te hla hmanga an puan chhuahna kan hmu hlawm a. Heng hi hla hlui kan hriatna hnar leh kan hla hlui vawng him tlattu te an ni hlawm.

Chawngvungi leh Sawngkhara thawnthua Chawngvungi lunglengin hla hmanga lunglen thu a hrilna-

Ka nu, ka lenrual ten zing sum an su,

Vartui thiang an chawi;

Sawnga ngaiin bantlang ka uai e

tih te leh hla dang tam tak kan hmu.

Dungtlang lal fanu hmel\ha Lianchhiari leh Chawngfianga inkara hmangaihna par chhuang tur palai rinawm lohna avanga Lianchhiri lungleng hla tam tak te hian kan hla hlui ropuina leh hlutna min hriat tir mawlh se la, lunglen tawrh hrehawm zia a ti chiang hle.

Sailo lal hmingthang Lalsavunga fanu Laltheri’n Chalthanga a sunna hla tam tak te hi an thawnthu a\anga kan hriat leh an hla kan hriat chhianna a ni mai awm e. Chalthanga lu an khaw kawta an tar a han hmuh chuan

Ka chun leh zua suihlung in mawl lua e,

Kan sumtualah \hadang thlunglu, hawihten in tar e

tiin, a silh leh fen phelhin a \ap rawi rawi a, a chhungte thawmhnaw inbel tura an ngen lawm lawm lai chuan,

Ka nemte puan ka chawi lovang ka nu,

Ka di \hadanga zalna mah, chhim lei tual dai

tiin a lunglenna a rawn bun chhuak a. Mizo zai hmingthang leh hriat reng a lo ni ta a.

Heng bakah hian Duhmanga leh Dardini thawnthua hla tam tak kan hmu te, Dar\hiangi leh Chertuala thawnthu a hla kan hmuh te, Fiara leh Dari thawnthua kan hmuh te leh hla adang tam tak te hian kan thu leh hla a ti hausa a, kan hla hlui hriatna leh vawnhim kawngah pawh an \angkai hle bawk.

v)            Inawmtleina leh inhnemna

Literature hlutna pawimawh tak chu mihring nun hahchawlhna a nihna hi a ni. Mizote phei hi chu khawhar inleng a, inhnem tawn \hin hnam kan ni a. |henkhat phei chuan hnam lungleng thei tak kan ni an ti fo reng a ni. Tin, naupang a\anga puitling thlenga kan ngainat chu kan thawnthu hluite hi an ni a. Nu emaw kan pite’n emaw thawnthu chi hrang hrang min hrilh a, min awihmut nan te, min thlem nan te, kan khawhar hnem tur atan te an hmang \hin a ni.

Kan hnam folk literature-te hi han belhchian hian tunlai \hangthar chen mai hian kan la chhawr zel a, kan la chhawr zel dawn niin a lang. Puipunna hmun apianga zaithiam \henkhat ten pi pute hla thluka an hai zai dap dap tawh chuan chet chhuah loh hi a har \hin. Tunlaia kan chai leh hlimpui ber chu pi pute hla zia rang leh tluk nem kha a la ni tlat a, heng hi \awngkaa kan inhlanchhawn hla te a\anga lo kal zel kha a ni.

Tunlai khawvel changkang zelah media khawvelin nasa takin min chim mah se kan thawnthu neihte pawh hian tlem tlemin hmasawnna kawng an hmu ve zel niin alang. Naupangten television kaltlanga animation film an en duh viau laiin Mizo thawnthu hlui hrilh tura koh pen hi an har bik lovang. Nuten khuma naupang thawnthu an hrilh keuh keuh tluka thlakhlelh hi Mizo naupang ziaah hian a awm meuh lovang. Chuvangin heng kan thu leh hla hluite hi kan hriat a, kan zir a, kan inhlanchhawn zelna atana thil pawimawh a ni.

Mauruangi leh Liandovate unau thawnthu te, Chhura leh Nahaia thawnthu leh Chemtatrawta thawnthu te leh kan thawnthu \henkhat te hi tunlai Mizo \halai rual zingah hian hre lo chu tlem te an ni ngei ang. Chung zawng zawng kan hriatna chu, kan pi leh pu, nu leh pa ten min lo hrilh \hin te kha an ni.

vi)           Thu leh hla thar phuah kaihruaina

Kan thawnthu hlui tam tak hi ziak thawnthu kan lo neih hringtu pawimawh tak a ni. Thawnthu phuah thar (fiction) huangah te, hla leh lemchan huangah te hun pawimawh tak an luah a, kan thu leh hla tihausatu pawimawh tak a ni.

Pasal\ha Khuangchera lemchan thawnthu te, Darlalpuii lemchan thawnthu leh Liandovate Unau lemchan thawnthu leh lemchan thawnthu \henkhat kan lo neih theihna chu kan thawnthu hlui behchan a\angin a ni. Kan thawnthu hlui \ha tak tak behchanin lemchan ziak mi ten an rawn duang chhuak a, tichuan lemchan thawnthu \ha tak tak kan rawn neih phah ta a ni.

Chutiang bawk chuan hla lamah pawh kan thawnthu tam tak hi hla thuah zeh tel a ni a. Hla thawnthu leh hla ruangam atan kan thawnthu hluite hian hmun a luah reng bawk. Chawngmawii leh Hrangchhuana inhmangaihna a\anga hla tam tak lo piang ta te, Khawnglungrun hla \ha tak mai lo chhuahna leh thawnthu hla \ha tak tak chhuak te hi kan thawnthu hlui te a\anga kan neih leh lak chhawn a ni bawk.

Tin, tun hma deuh leh tunlaia novel chhuak tam taka kan thupui ber leh chhiartute pawhin kan tuipui chu nula leh tlangval inhmangihna lam a ni. Heng hi kan thawnthu hlui lama tam tak hi anih avangin chung zul zui chuan heng lam thawnthu hi kan lo neih belh zel kan ti thei bawk ang. Heng a\ang hian tunlai huna kan literature hi kan thawnthu hluiin nghawng a neih thui zia chiang takin kan hre thei a ni.

Khang kan sawi bakah khan kawng tam takin kan thawnthu hlui ten kan hnam literatue a tih hausak dan a awm thei ang a. Kan thawnthu hriat a pun ang zelin ngaihdan leh kalhmang thar piang zel thei niin a lang.

Kan folk literature hian kan nun a la luah reng dawn a, kan tu leh fa lo la awm leh zel turte pawhin kan piu pute thawnthu hi in awih tlei nan an la hmang zel ngei ang. Chutiang khawpa Mizo nun nena kal kawp anih avang chuan kan hlut thiam a pawimawh a, tih lar leh vawnhim kawngah nasa taka \an lak kan ngai a ni.

Work cited

1.    H.Laldinmawia, Literature Lamtluang

2.    Lal Rinawma, edt., Mizo Thawnthu Tlirzauna

Bibliography

Laldinmawia, H., Literature Lamtluang, Creativenture, C-22, Karan Gharonda, Pune, 4111014, Maharastra, 2015

Rinawma, Lal., edt., Mizo Thawnthu Thlirzauna, Govt. Hrangbana College, Aizawl, 2014

Lalthangliana,B., Mizo Literature, MC Lalrinthanga, Aizawl, Second Edition, 2004, Print

Thanmawia, R.L, Mizo Hnahthlak thawnthu Volume 1-III, Din Din Heaven, Ramhlun South, Aizawl, 2009, Print.

-       Mizo Hla hlui, Din Din Heaven, Ramhlun South, Aizawl, 2012, Print.

Zofa, Lalhmachhuana, Mizo Thawnthu Volume-1, Zofa Run, Elecric Veng, Aizawl, 6^th Edition 2010, Print

Other Source

-         Mizo, Class 12 zirlaibu, 2012

-         www.google.com