Mizo Folk Narrative leh African Folk Khaikhinna

‘A tales of two cities’ ziaktu Charles Dicken-a’n, “Kan thu leh hla, thawnthu te reng reng hian thu sawi tum leh thuchah an nei ziah thin,” tiin a lo sawi. Hnam hrang hrang hian thawnthu kan neih dan a inang lo va. Amaherawhchu, zirtir \ha tak tak erawh an nei vek thung si a ni.

African thawnthute hi engtik hunlaia chhuak nge tih hriat a har hle mai a, An chenna ram leh leilung, Africa ram khu  kan en chuan ram upa leh hlun tak a ni a, chuvangin ami chengate pawh hnam upa tak an nih a rin theih a ni. Kum sangbi engnge maw zah ral hmaa England thliarkar  Celt hnam peng pahnih Goidels leh Britons te’n an run lai pawh khan, Africa chu a awm tawh a, mahse, ram dang angin runtu leh tlawhtu a nei vak lo niin a lang. Hnam thawnthu pawh hi an nei hma hle ang tih a rin theih a ni.

Mizo hnam thawnthu hi chu a neitu hnam ala naupang angin a thawnthu pawh a la naupang a. B.Lalthangliana chuan kan thawnthute hi Run kama an khawsak laia chhuak niin a ring a. chuti a nih chuan AD 1250 hma hret vel bawrah a chhuak \an dawn tihna a ni. |iau kan hnu AD 1700 hnu  lamah pawh kan folk narrative te hi a chhuak nual a, |iau kan hnua chhuak leh |iau kan hmaa chhuak hi thliar hran erawh a harsa hle.

Myth : Prof. William R. Bascom, Berkerley University, California-a Professor, folklore zirna lama mi hmingthang tak chuan, "Myth chu hnam hrang hrangin tun hmaa thil thleng emaw, thil lo indin dan, thil tak tak ni ngèi àwma an sawi; \awngkaa an inhlan chhawn zel a ni," (Lalruanga, p-7) tiin a hrilhfiah a, a pawmawm viau a ni.

Tuanthuah hian Mizovin kan neih ve loh African tuanthuah hian a awm a. Chu chu thawnthu lo awm \an dan a ni. An sawi dan chuan “Hmanlai hian chaichim hi hmun tinah an awm a, mi hausa leh mi rethei ber in thlengin an awm vek a ni. Chaichim chuan a thil hmuh a piang hmangin thawnthu a siam \hin a, thawnthu chu a fate an ni. Ch<ng a fate chuan rawng (colour) hran an nei vek a. A var, a pawl, a sen, a hring, leh a dum te an ni. Ch<ng thawnthute chu Chaichim inah chuan an awm ve a, a rawng an bawlsak \hin.

Chutia thlamuang taka an awm lai chuan, ni khat chu kelchal kawlh tak mai hian an in chu a rawn tauh ta vak vak mai a. Thawnthute chu hlau leh thlab^r tak maiin ramtinah an tlan darh a, chutichuan, leilung hmun hrang hrangah thawnthu chu a lo darh ta a ni.” tiin thawnthu lo awm chhan an sawi \hin. Mizote erawh chuan hetiang tak hi chu kan nei lo va. Mahse, leilung lo piandante, ramsa lo awm \an dante erawh a awm \ha hle thung a ni.

Kan Myth-ah hian Sabereka te, Thlanrawkpa te, Vanhrika te leh Khuazingnu hian dinhmun pawimawh tak an luah a ni. Thlanrawkpa Khuangchawi hun laiin ramsa leh sava hming tam tak phuah a ni a, Mizote'n 'Savun lehkha' kan lo neih tawh thu te kan hre thei a. Thìmzîng avanga thil thar leh mak tak tak lo pian dan te kan hmu a.

Mihring, leilung, tlâng leh lui lo awm \an dan te, lirnghîng awm chhan te, thla leh ni âwk lem lo awm chhan te, dawi an thiam \an dan te, \hawngaleivir lo awm chhan te, arsi hrang hrang lo awm \an dan leh an hming put chhan te, thih hnu piah lam khawvel leh thlarau kalkawng thlengin kan Tuanthu (Myth)-ah hian kan hmu a ni.

African tuanthu (Myth) pakhatah Muin Arnote a lak chhan hi pahnih an nei a, pakhatah chuan Mu note pakhat a dam lo va, Doctor chu maimawm a ni. Maimawm chu an ko ta a, mahse, Mu awmna a thlen hma chuan Arpui pakhat chuan a lo hmu a, a fate ei atan a pe a, a fate chuan an ei zo ta vek mai a. Mu note chu Doctor ber a lo thlen har tak  avang chuan a thi ta. Mu chuan Arnotete’n maimawm an ei a ni tih a hriat chhuah chuan a thin a rim hle mai a, chuvang chuan Muin Arnote a ei ta \hin a ni.

Pakhat lehah chuan  Niin mu hnenah pawisa a puk a, a pek har a vang chuan mu chu pawisa \hing turin Ni hnenah a kal ziah a, a hlawh chham ziah bawk a, Arpa chuan mu hnenah tih dan tur a hrilh a, zing takah mu chu Ni hnena kal turin a ti a, Arpa sawi ang chuan a kal ta a. Ni chu a lo lungawi lo khawp mai a, tu tihtir che nge? tiin a lo zawt a, Mu chuan a lo hrilh vat a. Tichuan, Ni chuan, “A thiltih man chu a hmu tur a ni. Tun a chhinah chuan Arnote reng reng i duh chuan i la thei ang.” a ti a. Chumi ni a\ang chuan mu chuan Arnote lak a ching \an ta a ni.

Mizo thawnthuah hian Arsi pakhat hming ‘Siruk’ lo awm chhanah hian Laizawn paruk, khawngaihthlak tak chu Arsiah an chang a, ‘Siruk’ tiin an vuah a. Thawnthu pakhat chuan Khaw pakhat dai maiah Bellei s^wk tur a awm a, chutah chuan patling parukte chuan bellei chu s^wk turin a khur chhungah an lut a, chutihlai tak chuan khur chu a chim ta a, a delh hlum ta vek a ni. ‘Ch<ng mite thlarau chu Arsiah an chang ta  a ni.’ tiin an sawi \hin bawk. Myth-ah hian thil lo awm chhan sawi dan dang hi a awm nual \hin a. Chu chu African thawnthu leh Mizo thawnthuah hian kan hmu thei a ni.

African thawnthuah hian Ni leh thla vana an awm \an dan an nei a, A hma chuan Ni leh thla hi leiah an awm \hin a ni awm e. Tui chim an hlauh avangin Vanah an awm ta niin an sawi. Mizo thawnthu, ‘Awk Lem awm \an dan’ tihah chuan Ni leh Thla te chu Vanah an awm sa a, Leiah an lo chhuk  thu kan hmu thung a ni.

Ramsa an hram dan lo chhuahna chhanah hian African thawnthu, “Chungu leh a nupuite thu” tihah chuan a nupui pahnihte chu pan zawk tur a hre lo va, “khawiah nge ka kal ang” a ti a. “Gaou. Gaou gaou.” a ti hlen ta a ni an ti. ‘Ui Mihring \hian an nih dan’ tihah pawh Sihal hram chhan an tarlang bawk. Hetiang Ramsa hram dan lo chhuahna hi Mizo thawnthuah kan nei ve lo niin a lang a, kan nei a nih pawhin kan nei tam lo hle ang.

Folktales: ‘FOLK’ tih hi  hmun khata chengte (community of people) tihna a ni a, ‘TALE’ chu thawnthu tihna a ni. A \hen chuan ‘Rochun thawnthu’ an ti bawk. A mah hi a zau sa avangin  hrilhfiah dan pawh thiam a har a. Folktales hi chu phuahchawp thawnthu(fiction) a ni a. A thawnthua bul tumtu ber(Principal character) hi mihring ni lo (Non-human) a nih chang a awm bawk.

Eng vanga Folktales te hi lo chhuak nge an nih tih te, engtiangin nge an lo chhuah tihte hi tawi tein tarlang ila: Folktale-te hi awihawm loh tak tak an nih hlawm avangin a \hente chu phuahchawp liau liau an ni a, khawvel chhungah hian thil mak tak tak, mihring nihphung pangngai a awm lo thlarau lam thil pawh mak tak tak a thleng ve thin a, ch<ng chu ‘Mystery of Natural World’ an ti. Hriatfiah kha mihringin a lo duh ta a, thawnthu chu an lo din chho ta a ni. Tin, intihhlimna a tan ( The need to entertain other and to each other) a lo ni a. Tun hma kha chuan kawttual mei chhemnaah an zinga upamin ber chuan intihhlim nan thawnthu a hriat ang ang chu a sawi thin a ni. Nitin nunphung leh nihphung hriatthiam (The need to impose order) nana inhrilhfiahna tha tak a lo ni a, hlauhna(Fears) an neihte leh suangtuah duhthusam ram(Dreams) te chu thawnthuin an lo phuah chhuak ta bawk a ni.

Mizo folktale-ah hian ramsate an pawimawh ang thovin, African thwnthuah Ramsate hian pawimawhna an nei nasa hle a ni. Tin, inbumna hian hmun a chang lian hle. Mizo thawnthu kan en chuan Zawngte leh Satel inkawm te, Puvawma tui khuap or Savawm tui khuap te, Zawngte leh Savawm te, Zawngte leh Vahmim te leh Zawngte pipu uai-ah te chuanZawng chuan hmun pawimawh ber a chang a. Tin,  fingvervek tak a ni a, mi bum pawh a thiam hle. Chutiang chiah chuan African thawnthuah pawh Zawng chu a fing hle bawk a ni. ‘Zawngte Lung’ tihah chuan Zawngte leh Shark an in \hian a, Shark chuan Zawngte lung a duh a, Zawngte chuan a lung chu thing zarah a dah tiin a bum thlu d>r a ni. African thawnthuah pawh Zawng hi a fing phakar thiam viau mai a chuvang chuan a takah pawh hian a fing phakar ang tih chu a rin theih a ni.

Inbumnaah hian Arpui hi African leh Mizo thawnthuah hian bumtu nihna an nei ve ve a, Arpui hi a lo fin hmel riau em ni tih hi zawhna awm thei chu a ni. African thawnthu, ‘Awle-in Arpui a ei loh chhan’ tih thawnthuah chuan Arpuiin Awle hnenah “I farnu ka ni” tiin a bum thu kan hmu a. Awle chuan a ei loh hlen phah tih kan hmu. Mizo thawnthuah pawh ‘Arpui leh Sanghar’ tihah chuan Arpuiin Sanghar a bum kawi hrep thu kan hmu a, a tawpah Sangharin a ei tak thu kan hmu a ni. H>ng hnam pahnih thawnthuah hian Arpui leh Zawngte chu bumtu nihna an nei ve ve a ni.

Hmeichhe dinhmun: Mizo thawnthuah Chawngchilhi thawnthuah te, Zawng leh nula thawnthuah te chuan hmeichhe dinhmun chu chuti vaka a \hat loh laiin African thawnthu, ‘Zawhte leh a thiante’ tihah chuan Zawhtein, “Eheu, hmeichhia hi thilsiam zawng zawng zinga chak leh thiltithei ber an lo nih hi!..” tiin kumkhuain hmeichhe bulah a awm tak thu kan hmu a, hmeichhe dinhmun  a dah sang hle a ni.

Hla: African thawnthu aia Mizo thawnthu \hatna pakhat chu Hlaah hian a ni. Ramsa thawnthu (Animal tales)-ah pawh hian Rungi Nu leh Thialtea thawnthuah “Thiala, thiala, thialtea,/ I vun te kha rai hir hiar,/ Sahdalah tla ri pem tla ri pem,/ Zawnga kal \heuh \heuh.” tih te. ‘Zawngte leh Savawm’ thawnthuah “Thlite hrang phen phen/ Chhim thli, Hmar thli hrang phen phen.” tih te, ‘Pu Vawma tui khuap’ thawnthuah, “ Tui ka chhar ka chhar,/ Tu tui duh lo ka chhar ka chhar;/ Keiman dawt na riai riai.” Achhanna te a awm leh zel a, “ Ka Pu Vawm vawma tui a ni,/ I dawt ngam leh dawt rawh,/ I in ngam leh in rawh,” tih te hi a ni hlawm a, Ramsa thawnthu lohah phei chuan a kur hian a kur nguai a ni ber mai.

African thawnthuah hian Animal tales a\angin pakhat kan hmu ve thei a chu chu, “ Magic pot, magic pot,/ Satui hang min pe ang che,/ satui hang min pe ang che./ Arsa tui hang ngei,/ Hralh tur atan lo ni sela,/ Mipuite lei atan, Mipuite lei atan.” tih hi ‘Mitdawivaihbel’ tihah kan hmu a ni. hetiang kawngah chuan Mizo thawnthu a tluk lo hle a ni.

Belte phai thei lo hi African leh Mizo thawnthuah hian an nei ve ve bawk a, Kawrdumbela thawnthuah chuan Kawrdumbela’n Belte phai thei lo a nei a, chu chu khaw mipui chawm nan leh thiltihtheihzia lantir nan a hmang a ni. African thawnthu, ‘Miduham Anansi’ tihah Anansi a’n belte phai thei lo a nei ve bawk a, Anansi nu chuan  midang riltam leh \anpui nan a hmang a ni. Belte phai thei lo hi midang thiltihtheihna nei hnen a\anga an dawn ve ve a ni a. Anansi ta chu thu chham phawt ngai a nih laiin, Kawrdumbela belte chu chham kher ngai lo va, hman nghal theih a ni.

Character: African thawnthu leh Mizo thawnthuah hian character an duang hneh hle mai a, Animal tales bikah phei hi chuan mize thlak mai mai lo (flat character) vek an ni a. Tin, thil tisualtuin a tihsual man (Vice Punishment) kha a lang a, thil \ha titute’n an thil tih \hat man an hmuh (Virtue rewarded) kha a lang tel ve \hin bawk a. Lal leh mi\ha fa an lan chang a awm a, a tlangpuiin Lal chu mi fing tak anga a lan loh chang a tam dun hle a. Character din chungchangah Plot-in a mamawh ang zelin character an siam a ni.

Philosophy: ‘Realism’ chungchang leh ‘Naturalism’ chungchang hi zirmite chuan metaphysical world chhungah hian an dah a. Chumi awmzia chu ziaktu chuan thu a ziak a, society chanchin emaw, chhungkaw chanchin pawh ni se, a thu pho chhuahah chuan hei chu a \ha a, hei chu a \ha lo tih kha a sawi (comment) ngai lo va, thil a nih ang ang chu a tarlang mai a, \ha leh \ha lo kha chu a chhiartu(reader)-te haichhuah tur a ni ta \hin a ni. Kan ramsa thawnthute reng reng hi chutiang hmanga din leh siam a lo ni vek mai a, zir chian dawl tak tak leh finthuril (philosophy ) pai \ha tak tak te an ni. African thawnthuah hian  a thukphum (philosophy) chu \awngkam (dialogue) a\anga a tihlan chang a awm a. Entirnan:“Sahriak Bur-a Pawisa’ thawnthuah te, “Eng chu nge \ha ber ang” tiha , “a neih zawng zawng kha ka nunna chhan nan a pe a.” han tih te, ‘Lei chanchin’ tiha Lal chhiahhlawhin, “ Mihring hian a lei a ven \hat loh avanga sawi loh tur a sawi vangin lungngai takin a awm \hin a, a chang chuan a lei veng\ha-a sawi tur dik tak a sawi avangin a hlimin a lawm em em \hin a ni” tihte hi finthuril \ha tak pai a ni.

Stith Thompson-a, mi thiam tak chuan “ Heng thawnthu leh tehkhin thu tawi te te hi mi fing chungchuang tak chungchang a ni fova. Tin, mi fing tak leh mi a tak inkar a nih chuan a mi a zawk hi tingaihnawmtu a ni thin”. Tiin a sawi a, African folk narrative leh Mizo folk narrative-ah hian chutiang tak chu kan hmu a. H>ng mite thawnthu hian in anna nei \hin mah sse, hnam a dang angin thawnthu kalhmang pawh a dan chang a awm a, zir tur leh hai chhuah tur chu a awm reng a, a hmu thiam a piangin khawvel kalphung a hre mai \hin a, hringnun a hmang thiam \hin a ni.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

1.      Zofa, Lalhmachhuana. Mizo Thawnthu Vol-2. Published by Lalhmachhuana Zofa. Diktawn press. 2013. Printed.Thirth Edition.

2.      Lalthangliana, B. Mizo Thawnthu Thlirzauna. Published by Archive Committee Gov’t. Hrangbana College. KL Offset Printers. 2014.Printed.

3.      Zofa, Lalhmachhuana. Mizo Thawnthu Vol-V. Published by the author. Diktawn Press. 2011.Printed.

4.      Ralte, Lalngurauva, Dr, Rev. Sakhua leh Mihring Rilru. Published by The Synod Literatur & Publication Board. 2006.Printed.

5.       Lalruanga, Dr., 'Mizo Thawnthu Zirzauna', Zomi Book Agency, Aizawl, First Edition 2000, Print

6.      Zonunmawia, C. African thawnthu Ngaihnawmte. Lianthangpui, Lunglei, Rahsi Veng. First Edition. 2012. Printed.

7.      Thanmawia, RL. Mizo Hnahthlak Thawnthu Vol -1. Din Din Heaven Publication. First Edition.2008.Printed.