Mizo Novel Bultan Dan leh Thanchhoh Dan

Mizo Novel Bul\an Dan leh |hanchhoh Dan

I.                   Sawihawnna :

Mizote hian thawnthu chi hrang hrang hma khawsang a\angin kan lo nei tawh \hin a, chu’ng thawnthu te chu \awngka hmanga inhlan chhawng zelin kan vawng reng \hin a. Kum 1894 a kan S^p missionary ten ziak leh chhiar min zirtir a\ang phei kha chuan kan thawnthu te chu ziaka dah\hat nachang kan lo hre ta hial a ni. Ziak leh chhiar kan thiamna hi hnamdang ngaihtuah chuan la rei lo viau mah sela hnam dangte kaldan zulzuiin thu leh hla ah pawh hma kan sawn ve zel a, tunah phei chuan thu leh hla lamah nasa takin kan lo \hang ta hial a ni.

Thu leh hla huang chhungah pawh chi hrang hrang heng – Thawnthu (novel) te, Lemchan (drama) te, Hla leh Hlahril (poetry/poem) te pawh kan lo neih belh ta zel a, hei hian nasa takin kan thu leh hla a tihmasawn a ni.

II.                Novel Bul\anna (Thawnthu hmasa pathum) :

Thawnthu puitling/ thawnthu phuahthar (novel) kan neih hmasak ber chu L.Biakliana’n kum 1936-a a ziak ‘Hawilopari’ tih a ni a. Biakliana hi Cotton College, Gauhati (Guwahati) a I.A zirlai a ni a, Bawr natna avangin Durtlang-a Inte Thawvengah a khawsa \hin a ni. Hemi hma hian thawnthu tam tak nei mah ila ziaka dah leh midang chhiar theih tura tihchhuah a nih \hin loh avangin thu leh hla lama mi fir te chuan Literature puitlingah an ngai lova, hei vang hian Biakliana ziak hi thawnthu phuahthar (novel) kan neih hmasak ber a lo ni ta a ni.

Hawilopari thawnthu hi a hunlai ngaihtuah phei chuan thawnthu \ha tak a ni a, bung 29 lai neiin phek 203 lai a ni  nghe nghe a. He thawnthuah hian Mizo tlangval zingah \hian inhmangaihna th<k tak, \hiante mangang \anpui tura thih thlenga inpe nga, an awm thu ngaihnawm takin a tar lang a. Hmanlai kan pi leh pute huna nuhrawn sual takin chhungkua an tihchhiat dan chanchin leh hmeichhiate khawngaihthlakzia Hawilopari nun hmangin mgaihnawm takin a tar lang bawk a. Mizo hnamzia a thil thleng chi hrang hrang a rem khawm bawk.

He thawnthu hi Khuangruma, Mandanriting, Shillong-a in leh lo neia khawsa chuan kum 1936 November thla ah a chhiar thu a sawi avangin kum 1936 hi Mizo novel kan neih \an kumah chhiar a lo ni ta a ni tih K.C. Lalvunga’n a sawi (R.Thangvunga, 208)

Kum a han ral chiah a, kum 1937 khan Biakliana tho hian thawnthu dang ‘Lali (Lalawmpuii)’ tih chu a ziak leh a. Hei hi mizo novel pahnihna a chhiar a ni. He thawnthu hi Mizorama thawnthu inziahsiak hmasak ber \uma an thupui, Mizo hmeichhiate dinhmun tar lang chiangtu ber lawmman pakhatna dawngtu a ni. He thawnthu hi chu Mizo Kristian hmasa nula leh tlangval thianghlim taka an inhmangaihna chanchin a ni. He thawnthu a\ang hian kan pi leh pute hun laia hmeichhiate dinhmun hniamzia te, ran leh bungrua ang maia paten emaw, nu\aten emaw an hralh \hin dan te leh hmeichhiain an mi duh ang zawng pasal arana an thlan ve theih lohzia te kan hmu a. Uluk taka vantlang nun bihchianna (social criticism) a ni e, a tih theih a ni. Chutih rualin chhungkaw nun sawprawp tawh tak karah pawh Pathiana innghat tlat \hin mite chu Pathianin a pui nge nge \hin tih kan hmu.

Hemi hnu hian novel dang kan hmu leh a, chu erawh chu Biakliana ziak ni lovin Tachhip tlangval Kaphleia ziak a ni thung. Kaphleia pawh hi Biakliana ang maia T.B natna vei ve tho a ni a. Lehkhathiam hmasa an ni bawk a, thu leh hla lama hnam tana an \hahnemngaihna hi a ropui hle a ni. Kaphleia hian kum 1939 khan a thawnthu hmasa ber Chhingpuii a ziak a. He thawnthu hi hmanlai mizo khawtlang nun tarlanna thawnthu \ha tak a nih bakah mizo thawnthu a Chhingpuii chanchin tarlanna a ni a, a ngaihnawm hle.

Heng kan tarlan tak thawnthu pathum te hi kum 1940 hma lama chhuak an ni hlawm a, hei vang hian an pawimawh hle. L.Biakliana leh Kaphleia hi T.B an nih avangin an thi hma dun hle a, an uihawm khawp mai. Dam rei deuh ni sela chu thawnthu \ha leh ngaihnawm tak tak pawh an ziah leh a rinawm hial. Tin, an ni pahnih hian thawnthu bakah hla phuah kawngah leh thutluang ziah kawngah nasa takin mizo thu leh hla kawng an sah en sak a, bul\antu \ha tak an ni.

III.             Hranghluite Thawnthu (1940-1970) :

Kum 1940 hnu lamah hian thawnthu \ha leh ngaihnawm tak tak a chhuak nual a, heng thawnthu leh a ziaktu te pawh hriat hlawh tak tak an awm bawk. Nimahsela thawnthu \henkhat erawh tun hnua hmuh zui tur awm lova hlamzuih ta a awm nual bawk. Amaherawh chu thawnthu ziaktu zingah ram pum huapa l^r tham an awm \hin a. chutiang thawnthute leh a ziaktu te chu hriat an hlawh hle \hin bawk. Chung zingah chuan Lalzuithanga hi a hmasa pawl tak a ni awm e.

Lalzuithanga hian kum 1940-41 vel bawr khan Thlahrang thawnthu a ziak a, Char huai I hlau lawm ni? tih thawnthu tawi nen hian a thawnthu ziak hmasak ber niin an sawi. Tin, hemi hnu kum 1950 vel khan thawnthu ngaihnawm tak pakhat Phira leh Ngurthanpari a ziak bawk a, he thawnthu ah hian kan pi leh pute huna pasal\ha dinhmun a lang chiang hle bawk.

Lalzuithanga hi mizo novelist zingah leh chhuak hmasa zingah chuan hawl kim tak a ni a. A thawnthu ziah te hi midang ang lo takin leh mizo thawnthu kan neih \hin ang lo takin a dangdai thei hle a, fantasy lampang te, detective lampang te a ziak nasa hle a, a fakawm hle a ni. Thawnthu chi hrang hrang a ziak hman a, nimahsela kan ziaktu hmasa te ang bawkin a damrei lova, a uihawm hle mai. Lalzuithanga leh kan thawnthu ziaktu hmasa pahnih te hi mizo thawnthu lungthu pathum tia sawi zui erawh an ni ta a ni.

Lalzuithanga bakah hian kum 1945 kuma Engtin Awm Ta Zel Ang Maw tih thawnthu fantasy/utopian lam hawia thawnthu ngaihnawm tak ziaktu Lunglei mihrang C.|huamluaia hi a hmasa pawl a ni leh a. Ani hian thawnthu dang tam tak, ngaihnawm tak tak, tun thlenga kan la tuipui leh kan la sawi reng \hin tam tak a ziak a. Tin, novel piah lamah a short story ziah pakhat Sialton Official phei hi chu mizo kutchhuak thawnthu tawiah chuan fakzui hlawh ber leh \ha ber ang hiala sawi ala ni ta reng a ni.

Tin, hetih hunlai chho hian thawnthu lamah hmasawnna nasa tak a awm chho zel a, Maymyo Sanapui leh thawnthu dang tam tak ziaktu Capt.C. Khuma te, Mizo writer of the Century hial luah thei Zikpuii pa (K.c Lalvunga) te an lo chhuak bawk a. An ni bakah hian thawnthu tawi ziaktu phei chu an awm nual a, chung zingah chuan Vanlalropuia te, L.Zokhuma te, Sapthankhuma te leh R.L Rina hi hriat hlawh tak te an ni hlawm a. Amaherawh chu Mizoram Independent Movement avangin thu leh hla lamah insawr bing alo har a, thawnthu puitling mihriata lar tham erawh a awm tam ta lo hle a ni.

Kum 1970 hmalama thawnthu ziaktute hian a tlangpuiin an hun laia Mizote khawsak dan phung leh nunphungte an tarlang \hin a. Mizo ze \ha hrang hrang an chawi l^r thiam hle \hin bawk. Amaherawh chu thawnthu naran piah lamah Zikpuii pa ziak ang chi te hi chuan finthuril an pai hnem hle tih erawh an thawnthu a\angin alang thei a. Uluk taka lo chhiartu tan phei chuan bengvar thlak tak te an ni hlawm a ni.

Heng kan thawnthu ziaktu hmasa te hi a hunlai boruak ngaihtuah chung leh kan thu leh hla neih \anna leh neih \an dan ngaihtuah phei chuan duai lo tak vek an ni a. Kristian kan lo nih hnu a nih avang hian Kristian lam inzirtirna lam a zeh tel pawh kan thawnthu ah hian hmuh tur a tam hle \hin. Tin, kan thawnthu ziaktu hmasa ah hian hmeichhe lam an lang lo hle a, hei hian a hunlai boruak a tilang chiang hlein a hriat a, lehkha zir leh ziak leh chhiar thiam kawngah kan mizo hmeichhiate an hnuf<m deuh niin a ngaih theih a ni.

IV.              Rambuai Hnu Lam Thawnthu (1970-1999) :

Rambuai vangin kan thu leh hla lamah nasa takin hmasawnna a \huanawp a, he rambuai hun chhung hi mizo literature-a dark age ang hialin an sawi \hin nghe nghe. Amaherawh chu ram a ralmuan a, remna kan neih hnuah erawh tunhma angin hmasawnna a awm chho leh ta zel a, thawnthu pawh nasa takin kan neih belh leh thei ta a ni.

Rambuai hnu lamah hian English cow boy thawnthu lehlin a lar hle mai a. Heng thawnthu te hi mitinin an atchilh emaw tih tur a ni. Chutih lai chuan Joe Ngurdawla’n ama irawm chhuak ngeia a ziak novel ‘Wayne Cole’, bu hrang pasarih lai lehnghal chu a tichhuak a, A thawnthu kalhmang a danglam em avangin lehlin emaw an ti hial nghe nghe. He thawnthu han chhiar hian a ziaktuin english thawnthu a chhiar nasarzia leh a suangtuahna zau zia kan hmu thei.

Tin, hetih hunlai chho hian novel-a chhiar theih chiah si loh, thawnthu tawi engemaw zat a chhuak bawk a. Chung ziangah chuan Selet Thanga ziak te, R.Zuala ziak te, Darhlira te, R.Lalrawna te, Zokima te, K.Saibela te, R.Lachungnunga ziak te leh Kawlkungi ziakte chu a bu-a tihchhuah hmasak zingah an tel a. Heng thawnthu te hian mizo thu leh hla ah nasa takin hmasawnna an thlen nghe nghe a ni a tih theih ang.

Hetih hunlai hian Mizo thawnthu ziaktu zingah hmeichhia an lo lang ve ta a, chu chu Kawlkungi hi a ni. Ani hian Zawlpala Thlan Tlang tih leh Pasal Duhthlan tih a lo tichhuak hmasa a, ani hi mizo hmeichhe zingah chuan hawlkim pawl tak niin lemchan lamah pawh hnuhma eng emaw zat a nei a ni.

Tin, Thawnthu ngaihnawm tak tak ziak \hin dang leh, mizo thawnthu khawvela theihnghilh tawh loh tur mi hrang tam tak an lo lang bawk a, chung zingah chuan James Dokhuma te, C.Laizawna te, Lal>ngmawia Ralte te, thawnthu dangdai tak leh diary forma ziaktu V.L Zaikima te bakah midang, thawnthu ziah lama thawh hlawk tak tak heng- S.R. Thangvela te, P.C Lalbiakthanga te, K. Chawng\huama te, Vanlalchhuanga te, K.Laldawngliani te, K.Lalawmpuia te, R.L Thanmawia te, K.Chawngthuama te, H.Kaphlira te, Rev. S.R Lalkailuaia te kan hmu a. Heng mite leh midang kutchhuak a\ang pawhin kum 1990 hmalamah hian novel 60 chuang lai a chhuak niin a hriat a ni.

Tin, heng ziaktute ziah belh bakah ziaktu dang heng – Lalzuia Colney, C.Remtluanga. H.P Lalremtluanga, Lalhriata, Lalhmingliana Saiawi, B.Pawlthanga, R.Rozika leh Dr.H. Lallungmuana te kan hmuh belh bawk a, heng thawnthu thar te phei hi chu an dangdaiin an ngaihnawm lawr hlawm hle nghe nghe a ni.

Kan tunlai thawnthu te leh chhuak hmasa thawnthu te hi a thupui thlan danah leh a thawnthu ruangam (plot) din danah an intlau viau tawh a. Kan thawnthu ziaktu hmasa ten Kristian zirtirna lam hawi an thlurbing \hin laiin heng rambuai hnulama chhuakte erawh hi chuan mihring nun phung pangngai a hne rem tawh hle thung a ni. Tin, khawtlang nun siam \hatna, social reform lam hawi a chhuak nasa hle bawk a, mihring nunphung ze pangngai-a \hat inzirtirna lam pawh a tam ve ta hle a ni.

V.                 Kum Zabi Thar Thawnthu (2000 hnulam) :

A zat chiah hriat theih loh mahse Mizo Academy of Letter in an chhinchhiah dan a\anga enin kum 2000 a\anga tun thleng hian novel 160 chuang hret a chhuak a, heng thawnthu te pawh hi tunhma lam ngaihtuah chuan a changkang sawt tawh hle. A plot remdan pawh hnam dangte ang maiin kan thiam tawh bakah character din dan pawh kan thiam tawh hlein a hriat. Chu mai bakah Science fiction lam te, Stream of consciousness lam te, panaromic lanna \ha tak te, Picaresque novel lam te leh psychological lam hawi novel te kan neih belh ve ta zel a, a lawmawm hle. Tunhma lama thawnthu chhuakte kha a tlangpuiin  Historical novel te, regional leh novel of social reforms te an ni tlangpui a. Amaherawh chu kum sangbi tharah chuan kan chhiar leh hriat te a lo pung ve zel a, kan thawnthu pawhin a neih ngai loh thil tam tak a lo neih phah ve ta a ni.

Kawng lehlam ah chuan kum 1989 a\anga kum khata lehkhabu chhuak \ha ber thlang \hintu Mizo Academy of Letter (MAL) te thawhrah a tih theih bawk ang. MAL hian book of the year ah novel 14 lai an lo thlang tawh a, heng thawnthu te hi \ha tak tak leh ngaihnawm tak tak an ni hlawm a. Tin he an Book of the year thlan hian ziaktute ah nasa taka hna thawkin chona a pe niin a ngaih theih bawk.

Thu leh hla lama intlansiakna a nasat avangin kum zabi 21na ah hi chuan thawnthu ziaktu zawng zawng in hriat kim a harsa tawh a, MAL chhinchhiah dan a\anga thlir chuan novel ziaktu te hi 40 chuang fe chu an nih a rinawm bawk. Tin novel ziaktu zingah hmeichhe ziah pakhat chu book of the year a tana thlan a ni nghe nghe a, hei hian kum 2000 hnulama hmeichhia te duai tawh loh bik zia a tilang chiang hle bawk a ni.

Kan thawnthu te hi fiction lam an ni tlangpui \hin a, khawtlang nunphung leh regional novel lam lanna a tam ber a, chutih rual chuan chi hrang hrang pawh a lo chhuak ve ta nual. Amaherawh chu adventure lam leh idealistic lam bakah fantasy lam hi kan la hausak lohna lam a nih avangin helamah hian \an lak angai hle pawhin a hriat a ni.

Kum zabi 21na hnu lama ziaktu langsar tak tak, an thuziak a ngaihnawm piah lama zir tham leh ngaihtuahna hruai zui thei khawpa mi hriat hlawh tlangpui te chu – C.Lalnunchanga te, Samson Thanruma te, Lalhriata te, Lalrammawia ngente te, Lalpekkima te, Romuanpuii zadeng te, Lalchhantluanga te, H.Lalngurliana te, Robuanga te, Darrokima te, Zirsangkima te, Capt.L.Z Sailo te, Lalhmachhuana zofa te, Ngurliani te, |huamtea Khawlhring te, Linda Zorinpuii te, RTC Lalduhawmi te, Lalnunhlima te, Buangi Sailo te, Sangzuala te, Siamhmingthanga chhangte te leh midang tam tak an lo chuak a.

Heng kan ziakmite avang hian nasa takin mizo novel in hma a sawn a, tunhma lam ngaihtuah phei chuan novel neih tam lamah a kum telin kan pung thur thur ni hialin a hriat a ni.

VI.              Tlipna :

Heng kan tarlan tak hrang hrang a\ang hian mizo novel in hma a sawn dan leh a \han dan chu a hriat theih a, novel kan neih tirh a\anga chhutin hriat theih chinah mizo te hian novel 400 chuang lai kan nei ta a, a lawmawm hle a ni. Amaherawh chu a tlangpuia thlirin kan novel te hi Loves story leh regional novel kan tih ang chu, hnam dangte chhiar atana hriatthiam har tak an ni hlawm a. Tin khawtlang nunphung lamah kan insawr bing nasa hle bawk. Hei vang hian novel huap zau tak, universal tak kan neih a pawimawh a, helama \an lak hi kan ngai hle pawhin a lang a ni.

VII.           Lehkhabu Rawn :

Zoramdinthara,Dr. Mizo Fiction Emergence and Development, Malviya Nagar : New Delhi. 2013. Print.

Thangvunga,R.(Ed) History of Mizo Literatur. Mizo Department; Mizoram University. 2013. Print.

Lalthangliana, B. Mizo Literature. Mc.Rinthanga : Aizawl. 2004 (second edition). Print.

Vannghaka, KC. Literature Zungzam. Vanhlupuii : Bawngkawn. 2014. Print.

Khiangte, Laltluangliana (ed). A Study of Mizo Novel. Rev.Dr.Ashish Amos : Delhi. 2014. Print.

Laldinmawia,H. Literature Lamtluang. Creati Ventures : Pune. 2015. Print.